Bethlehem is the birth place of Jesus Christ and therefore a very important city in Christianity. Christmas is a busy time here. Bethlehem is located in Palestine, not Israel.
The dead sea is the lowest land-point on earth (outside Antarctica). The water is extremely salty, nothing lives here and floating is the easiest thing to do.
Eilat is a southern Israeli port and resort town on the Red Sea, near Jordan. Its beaches are noted for their calm waters, snorkeling and diving,
Haifa is a northern Israeli port. Tourists may like to visit the landscaped terraces of Baha'i gardens.
Jericho is a Palestinian city in the West Bank and one of the oldest living cities on the planet and the city with the oldest known protective wall in the world. It may date back to the year 9000 BC.
Jerusalem is the religious centre for Jews, Christians and Muslims. It has many spots to visit, go back in time and pray. Both Israel and Palestine consider Jerusalem their capital. Please be aware that due to border disputes it can be violent as well.
Tel Aviv is the economic heart of Israel with major airport and harbour. Most countries have their embassy or consulate here.